How to Determine the Mass of a Star

Nearly everything in the universe has mass, from atoms and sub-atomic particles (such as those studied by the Large Hadron Collider) to giant clusters of galaxies.  The only things scientists know about so far that dont have mass are photons and gluons.   Mass is important to know, but objects in the sky are too distant. We cant touch them and we certainly cant weigh them through conventional means. So, how do astronomers determine the mass of things in the cosmos? Its complicated.   Stars and Mass Assume that a  typical star  is pretty massive, generally much more so than a typical planet. Why care about its mass? That information is important to know because  it reveals clues about a stars evolutionary past, present, and future. Astronomers using the Hubble Space Telescope identified nine monster stars with masses more than 100 times the Suns mass. They lie in the star cluster R136 in the nearby Large Magellanic Cloud. Mass is an important characteristic when figuring out the life spans of stars. NASA/ESA/STScI Astronomers can use several indirect methods to determine stellar mass. One method, called  gravitational lensing, measures the path of light that is bent by the gravitational pull of a nearby object. Although the amount of bending is small, careful measurements can reveal the mass of the gravitational pull of the object doing the tugging. Typical Star Mass Measurements It took astronomers until the 21st century to apply gravitational lensing to measuring stellar masses. Before that, they had to rely on measurements of stars orbiting a common center of mass, so-called binary stars. The mass of  binary stars (two stars orbiting a common center of gravity) is pretty easy for astronomers to measure. In fact, multiple star systems provide a textbook example of how to figure out their masses. Its a bit technical but worth studying to understand what astronomers have to do. A Hubble Space Telescope image of Sirius A and B, a binary system 8.6 light-years away from Earth. NASA/ESA/STScI First, they measure the orbits of all the stars in the system. They also clock the stars orbital speeds and then determine how long it takes a given star to go through one orbit. Thats called its orbital period.   Calculating Mass Once all that information is known, astronomers next do some calculations to determine the masses of the stars. They can use the equation Vorbit SQRT(GM/R) where SQRT is square root a, G is gravity, M is mass, and R is the radius of the object. Its a matter of algebra to tease out the mass by rearranging the equation to solve for M.   So, without ever touching a star, astronomers use mathematics and known physical laws to figure out its mass. However, they cant do this for every star. Other measurements help them figure out the masses for stars ​not in binary or multiple-star systems. For example, they can use luminosities and temperatures. Stars of different luminosities and temperatures have vastly different masses. That information, when plotted on a graph, shows that stars can be arranged by temperature and luminosity. Really massive stars are among the hottest ones in the universe. Lesser-mass stars, such as the Sun, are cooler than their gigantic siblings. The graph of star temperatures, colors, and brightnesses is called the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram, and by definition, it also shows a stars mass, depending on where it lies on the chart. If it lies along a long, sinuous curve called the Main Sequence, then astronomers know that its mass will not be gigantic nor will it be small. The largest mass and smallest-mass stars fall outside the Main Sequence. This version of the Hertzprung-Russell diagram plots the temperatures of stars against their luminosities. The position of a star in the diagram provides information about what stage it is in, as well as its mass and brightness. European Southern Observatory Stellar Evolution Astronomers have a good handle on how stars are born, live, and die. This sequence of life and death is called stellar evolution. The biggest predictor of how a star will evolve is the mass its born with, its initial mass. Low-mass stars are generally cooler and dimmer than their higher-mass counterparts. So, simply by looking at a stars color, temperature, and where it lives in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, astronomers can get a good idea of a stars mass. Comparisons of similar stars of known mass (such as the binaries mentioned above) give astronomers a good idea of how massive a given star is, even if it isnt a binary. Of course, stars dont keep the same mass all their lives. They lose it as they age. They gradually consume their nuclear fuel, and eventually, experience huge episodes of mass loss at the ends of their lives. If theyre stars like the Sun, they blow it off gently and form planetary nebulae (usually). If theyre much more massive than the Sun, they die in supernova events, where the cores collapse and then expand outward in a catastrophic explosion. That blasts much of their material to space. Composite image of the Crab Nebula, a supernova remnant that heralded the death of a very massive star. NASA/ESA/ASU/J. Hester A. Loll By observing the types of stars that die like the Sun or die in supernovae, astronomers can deduce what other stars will do. They know their masses, they know how other stars with similar masses evolve and die, and so they can make some pretty good predictions, based on observations of color, temperature, and other aspects that help them understand their masses. Theres much more to observing the stars than gathering data. The information astronomers get is folded into very accurate models that help them predict just exactly what stars in the Milky Way and throughout the universe will do as they are born, age, and die, all based on their masses. In the end, that information also helps people understand more about stars, particularly our Sun. Fast Facts The mass of a star is an important predictor for many other characteristics, including how long it will live.Astronomers use indirect methods to determine the masses of stars since they cant directly touch them.Typically speaking, more massive stars live shorter lifetimes than the less massive ones. This is because they consume their nuclear fuel much faster.Stars like our Sun are intermediate-mass and will end in a much different way than massive stars that will blow themselves up after a few tens of millions of years.

The Room Was Beautiful As Well - 1605 Words

If she were someone else, somewhere else, she might have been sitting diligently at a desk typing reams of spreadsheets and answering phones until she never wanted to speak to another person again. Or she might have attended a class, furiously taking notes or running her hand through her hair as she agonized over a test of some kind. It didn’t particularly matter, as instead she sat in a room, facing forward and blinking ever-so-slowly with her hands clasped together in her lap. Her name was Enni, and she was very pretty with big, doe eyes and a curvaceous figure. She was perhaps twenty or maybe in the last years of her teens, one couldn’t tell the age from looking at her face, only that it was perfectly youthful. She did not mutter to†¦show more content†¦Her dress, a pretty yellow thing that swished with each step, was reflected dozens of times, each more grotesque than the last. She didn’t even dare think of what could make her face that way, but she suspected boiling water poured in steady increments. If she looked away or her eyes unfocussed, a light bolt of electricity would surge through her body and make her legs kick out. This kept happening, but they had planned for it. You see, very little was asked of a Bellus’ intellect. Few would call them feeble-minded, but even fewer would allow them near any sort of transport vehicle. Deep in her own mind, she considered how much it might hurt her to try and wrest the perfect chair from the ground and hurl it at the perfect walls. For a brief moment, she dreamed of it. The wall would shatter into a thousand pieces, armed guards would come streaming down the left hallway—for that was the direction they brought her from—and none of them would dare harm her. She was a Bellus and what were they, except Labor? She pitied Labor. It didn’t do for a Bellus to think on the heaping amounts of food Labor got—the seasoned stews, the rich chocolates, the butte red breads, or the creamy cheeses—so she pitied them and continued to dream. Her thoughts turned to how she would walk over ruined wall and glass and back out onto the teetering city walks without a single care in this or any other world. Her sister wouldShow MoreRelatedEmergency Rooms or Hospitals Deserve a more Positive Recognition than They Truly Receive753 Words   |  4 PagesEmergency Rooms or Hospitals Deserve a more Positive Recognition than They Truly Receive Most people go through their whole lives hating emergency rooms and hospitals. The white-washed halls remind them of death; the sterile scent that cling to the nurses uniforms a stark reminder of impending goodbyes; the billowing white coats and clipboards of doctors a bad-news waiting to be delivered on a cold tray. 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It was only capable of holding a few hundred people and now several thousands come to these watch games played monthly onRead MoreMy Nurse Monologue908 Words   |  4 Pages I woke up that morning, the same as any other. Still in that blank old hospital room, the same stiff hospital bed with the little red button to signal the nurse when I woke up or needed help. I pressed the button and heard Lilly coming down the quiet hallway. The door creaked open slowly and Lilly peaked her head in the room, â€Å"Good Morning Noah.† She’s always so smiley and sunshiney, she’s the only nurse like that here. â€Å"Ready to get dressed and get some of that delicious breakfast you love so muchRead MoreNiagara River Meets Lake Ontario1514 Words   |  7 PagesNiaga ra-on-the-Lake, Ontario is a charming town situated at the point where the Niagara River meets Lake Ontario. Its nickname, â€Å"Loveliest Town in Canada†, is well-deserved. It’s a town rich in both natural and cultural beauty. One of the highlights of its events calendar is the Shaw Festival, which celebrates the works of George Bernard Shaw and his contemporaries from April to November each year with live performances. Due to its mild climate and number of natural lakes, Niagara-on-the-Lake hasRead MoreTo Room Nineteen1241 Words   |  5 PagesTo Room 19 , Final draft In the short story â€Å"To Room Nineteen† by Doris Lessing, Susan Rawlings is a woman living what seems like the perfect life with the perfect marriage. However, it soon becomes clear that Susan isn’t as happy with her life as one might think upon first glance. Slowly but surely, Susan begins to drift away from her home life in attempts to find freedom through solitude. This reaction can be analyzed by taking a closer look at how Susan relates to the places in her life suchRead MoreEthnographic Observation905 Words   |  4 Pagesobserve different behavior and cultures. It is also close to my home, and I had never had a chance to explore it. 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Risks Associated With IT System-.com

Questions: 1.What does IT mean to you? 2.Why IT is important to your career? 3.How does IT supports Business Processes and links them together? 4.What are some of the emerging technologies? 5.What is Enterprise Architecture? 6.What are the main risks associated with implementation of new Information Systems? Answers: 1.The IT means in my view as the use of any computers, storage, networking as well as the other physical devices, infrastructure along with the processes in order to create, process, store and exchange on all the form of the electronic data (Bloom, Garicano, Sadun Van Reenen, 2014). From my understanding IT is usually used in the context of the enterprise operations as opposed to the personal or the entertainment technologies. The commercial use of the IT encompasses on both the computer technology and the telephony. 2.The IT is significant to an individual career because it adds immeasurable possibilities to personal development. The technology has provided tools to get projects as well as ideas up and running. Moreover, it has been found to improve an individual communication skills as well as increase on the visibility and the credibility (Willcocks, 2013). An individual can use technology tools for the following career activities these are enriching on their skills in their professions, enhancement of the learning, fostering of the efficient work practices and the management or the participating in the various organization project. Additionally IT has been found to help in the augmenting on the networking (Yoo, 2013). Most of the career requires an individual to have IT since it enriches on their skills an example a sales person can make presentation electronically by use of IT. 3.What IT does for the business is to create a mathematical model where they are with all the transactions. The model usually reflect on what is going on in the real world. An example when the business hires individual, they are added to the payroll with their social security number and a salary level is set (Schwalbe, 2015). Additionally, when the business cut out a check for the vendor they increment on the check numbers by one so that they do not confuse the bank and then they update on their accounting system to know what they have spent and whom they have paid. All these transactions are captured and stored in the database using the various software programs (Willcocks, 2013). The technology support the business process and link them together through provision of a common platform for the organization to communicate and collaboration with the customers through use the internet, and portals. 4.The emerging technologies are the technologies which are perceived in changing on the status quo. Some of the emerging technologies are educational technology, information technology, nanotechnology such as nanosensors and internet of Nanothings, biotechnology, robotics and the artificial intelligence (Willcocks, 2013). 5.This is a conceptual blueprint which defines the structure as well as the operation of an organization (Yoo, 2013). The intent in regards to the enterprise architecture is to determine on how an entity can use most effective methods in achieving their current and the future objects. 6.Some of the major risk associated with the implementation of the new information system are; functionality risk which is associated with the project which fails to deliver on the functionality. The new system to lack functionality when it comes to performance (Willcocks, 2013). Secondly, project risk, this is the risk which occurs when the project cannot be completed within the budget, schedule or perhaps on the quality constraints (Schwalbe, 2015). This may occur when the new information system be not of the right standards required or even the budget could have been more than the projected cost. Another risk is the security risk which means that the new system may not be secure which could provide the attacker opportunity to exploit on them and steal data. References Bloom, N., Garicano, L., Sadun, R., Van Reenen, J. (2014). The distinct effects of information technology and communication technology on firm organization. Management Science, 60(12), 2859-2885. Schwalbe, K. (2015). Information technology project management. Cengage Learning. Willcocks, L. (2013). Information management: the evaluation of information systems investments. Springer. Yoo, Y. (2013). The tables have turned: How can the information systems field contribute to technology and innovation management research? Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 14(5), 227.

Victims Of Circumstance Essay Example For Students

Victims Of Circumstance Essay The Shakespearean piece, The Tragedy of Hamlet, is a story of many themes. This is perhaps why students worldwide are taught it in school. Or perhaps it is because of the diversification of these themes, and thus the diversification of responses it invokes, that makes Hamlet so well received by both students and scholars alike. Of these themes, the strongest theme, or rather, the most obvious, is that of revenge. That is not to say that because it is obvious, it is therefore simple. No one knows the extent of William Shakespeares genius, but it is known that when it comes to his works, things are hardly simplistic. In fact, it is believed that the theme of revenge is also one of the more complicated themes because of whom it involves and how it is brought about by the characters that desire it. The characters of whom I speak of are Fortinbras, son of the late King Fortinbras, prince of Norway; Laertes, son of the late Polonius (Lord Chamberlain to the King) and brother to the late Ophelia; and Hamlet, son of the late King Hamlet, prince of Denmark. We will write a custom essay on Victims Of Circumstance specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now As one can see, they all have something in common; they are all sons to murdered fathers. As one reads on, specifics will arise that will make other similarities apparent as well as shedding some light on the methods and motives behind the aforementioned characters quests for vengeance. Firstly, there is the son of the late King of Norway, Fortinbras. In the nature of his revenge, he has embarked on a military campaign to regain for his country the lands that were forfeit when his father was slain in a duel with the late King Hamlet. Now, sir, young Fortinbras Hath in the skirts of Norway here and there sharkd up a list of lawless resolute to some enterprise which is no other As it doth well appear unto our stateBut to recover of us, by strong hand and terms compulsatory, those foresaid lands So by his father lost (I. i. 95-104) In anticipation of the attack, Claudius sends Cornelius and Voltimand, his courtiers, to Fortinbras uncle to talk to young Fortinbras about his vengeful quest. Thus, Fortinbras is dissuaded from attacking Denmark, temporarily, and is prompted to employ his anger, against the Polack- (II. ii. 74-75). Fortinbras course is an honourable one: acting to regain what was taken from him when his father was slain. In seeking out revenge, he does so not only on the same field on which his father contended, but on the very one he was bested. So he is unique in that his revenge lacks any actions of dishonour or deceit. Albeit his course does involve the imminent death of twenty thousand men for a fantasy of trick and fame- (IV. v. 60-61), his character is otherwise devoid of any dishonourable intentions. It is believed that it is because of his honourable convictions that he is rewarded with a vengeance that does not end with his own demise, as well as, ascendancy to the conveniently empty throne of Denmark. Secondly, there is Laertes, son of Polonius. Laertes seeks out revenge using lex talionis, an eye for an eye;- and to this he is entitled to. In these times, the eldest son of a murdered father could hardly stand idle while his murderer still breathes. Well, he could, but if honour meant anything to him; and in these times, honour meant everything, than it was his obligation to exact his vengeance upon Hamlet. Laertes, having such noble qualities as being inherently good and having a basic honesty and courage, takes up this challenge to kill Hamlet. Unfortunately, circumstances are not at their best and returning home to find a dead father and an insane sister certainly plays a large role on how Laertes would have otherwise dealt with the situation, Let come what comes, only Ill be most revenged most thoroughly for my father. (IV. v. 135-136). Quick to avenge the loss of his family, we see a rather rash and hot-headed Laertes, and although one can hardly blame him for being in such a state of mind, it is the decisions he makes while in this state of mind that ultimately leads to his death. In his wrath, he conspires with Claudius to develop a plan to kill Hamlet. When asked what he was willing to do, and how far he was willing to go to kill Hamlet and avenge his father, he responds To cut his throat i the church- (IV. vii. 127). This being an unthinkable crime in itself it shows Laertes willingness to do anything to avenge his father. So Claudius suggests a duel with Hamlet and, if left here, his honour would still hold merit. It is not, however, and Laertes suggests the poisoning of his foils to further guarantee his vengeance. Ill anoint my sword. I bought an unction of a mountebank, So mortal that, but dip a knife in it, Where it draws blood no cataplasm so rare, Collected from all simples that have virtue Under the moon, can save the thing from death That is but scratchd withal: Ill touch my point With this contagion, that, if I gall him slightly, It may be death. (IV. vii. 140-148) .u109439cc730e34032cf4d46e7df6be25 , .u109439cc730e34032cf4d46e7df6be25 .postImageUrl , .u109439cc730e34032cf4d46e7df6be25 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u109439cc730e34032cf4d46e7df6be25 , .u109439cc730e34032cf4d46e7df6be25:hover , .u109439cc730e34032cf4d46e7df6be25:visited , .u109439cc730e34032cf4d46e7df6be25:active { border:0!important; } .u109439cc730e34032cf4d46e7df6be25 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u109439cc730e34032cf4d46e7df6be25 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u109439cc730e34032cf4d46e7df6be25:active , .u109439cc730e34032cf4d46e7df6be25:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u109439cc730e34032cf4d46e7df6be25 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u109439cc730e34032cf4d46e7df6be25 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u109439cc730e34032cf4d46e7df6be25 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u109439cc730e34032cf4d46e7df6be25 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u109439cc730e34032cf4d46e7df6be25:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u109439cc730e34032cf4d46e7df6be25 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u109439cc730e34032cf4d46e7df6be25 .u109439cc730e34032cf4d46e7df6be25-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u109439cc730e34032cf4d46e7df6be25:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: In Shakespeares Messina EssayIt is through this use of deceptive and murderous means that Laertes quest for vengeance is cast into disrepute. When the time of the duel arrives, while he does strike an ultimately mortal blow to Hamlet, in the confusion of the fight, the fighters trade foils and ironically Laertes, is stricken with the very foil he poisoned and he too dies of its effects. But to his credit, Laertes does begin to doubt his own motives during the fight: My lord, Ill hit him now and yet tis almost gainst my conscience (V. i. 296-297). As well, as he lies dying of his poison he confesses his own treachery to Hamlet and tells him of the role of the King, thereby indicting him. It is here, Hamlet. Hamlet, thou art slain; No medicine in the world can do thee good; In thee there is not half an hour of life; The treacherous instrument is in thy hand, Unbated and envenomd: the foul practise Hath turnd itself on me lo, here I lie, Never to rise again: thy mothers poisond: I can no more: the king, the kings to blame. (V. ii. 314-321) Also with his dying breath he absolves Hamlet of all blame; that is of course, if Hamlet will forgive him, which he does. Exchange forgiveness with me, noble Hamlet: Mine and my fathers death come not upon thee, Nor thine on me. (V. ii. 330 333) So, when the specifics of the situation arise, we find Laertes is more victim than villain. Arriving home to find his family dead or insane, he is devastated and his emotions take over. While he does go to Claudius for help, he is more his dupe rather than co-conspirator. In the end he sees the error of his ways, and while it is already too late he confesses the truth to Hamlet in an effort to right his wrongs. Lastly, is the tragic hero of the play, Hamlet. When the play begins, King Hamlet is already slain and his mother already remarried to his uncle, Claudius. Hamlet is deeply sorrowed by his fathers passing, but he is almost more deeply grieved by his mothers quick remarriage. So we are painted this picture of a sad and mourning Hamlet, and yet revenge has not even begun to enter Hamlets mind. And why should it? Who has he to blame? His father died of a snake bite, while sleeping in his orchard, so there is no one to blame for his death, except maybe the snake. And he can hardly kill his uncle or his mother for what can only be referred to as an incestuous marriage. It is not until his meeting with the supposed ghost of his father that revenge forms in Hamlets mind, and even than, it is a quest more bestowed upon him than taken up. If thou didst ever thy dear father love Revenge his foul and most unnatural murder. (I. v. 23-25). It is then that he finds out that there is a vengeance to be taken, because it is then that the ghost tells Hamlet who has murdered him. The serpent that did sting thy fathers life now wears his crown. (I. v. 38-39). Upon hearing this Hamlet readily accepts his task of exacting revenge. The ghost also displays his dismay over the queens quick remarriage, to his murderer no less, but cautions Hamlet not to raise his hand against her, as he wants her own guilt to weigh heavily in her heart, and let heaven decide her fate. Taint not thy mind, nor let thy soul contrive Against thy mother aught: leave her to heaven And to those thorns that in her bosom lodge, To prick and sting her. (I. v. 85-88) It is such that Hamlet is left to ponder what he must do, and yet he procrastinates in killing Claudius immediately because of lack of proof, and with due reason. This ghost that has appeared to him, while it could very well be the ghost of his poor late father, it could also be a demon sent to torment him and trick him into committing actions that would cause nothing but turmoil and upset in the land of Denmark. So when a band of actors visits the castle, he enlists their aid in discovering the truth about his fathers murder. He asks them to perform the play The Murder of Gonzago and adds his own sixteen lines that will cause the actors to reenact the murder of King Hamlet. The plays the thing wherein Ill catch the conscience of the King. (II. ii. 616-617) And catches the conscience of the King it does. Claudius calls for light and storms away, the play being called to an end, and Hamlet could not be happier with the results. .u90fa81df1338e4eda0c47625ff14fa56 , .u90fa81df1338e4eda0c47625ff14fa56 .postImageUrl , .u90fa81df1338e4eda0c47625ff14fa56 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u90fa81df1338e4eda0c47625ff14fa56 , .u90fa81df1338e4eda0c47625ff14fa56:hover , .u90fa81df1338e4eda0c47625ff14fa56:visited , .u90fa81df1338e4eda0c47625ff14fa56:active { border:0!important; } .u90fa81df1338e4eda0c47625ff14fa56 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u90fa81df1338e4eda0c47625ff14fa56 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u90fa81df1338e4eda0c47625ff14fa56:active , .u90fa81df1338e4eda0c47625ff14fa56:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u90fa81df1338e4eda0c47625ff14fa56 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u90fa81df1338e4eda0c47625ff14fa56 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u90fa81df1338e4eda0c47625ff14fa56 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u90fa81df1338e4eda0c47625ff14fa56 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u90fa81df1338e4eda0c47625ff14fa56:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u90fa81df1338e4eda0c47625ff14fa56 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u90fa81df1338e4eda0c47625ff14fa56 .u90fa81df1338e4eda0c47625ff14fa56-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u90fa81df1338e4eda0c47625ff14fa56:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: To what extent is Macbeth persuaded by the witches and Lady Macbeth in his bloody deeds? EssayFinally convinced of his uncles guilt, he sets it upon himself to finally do the deed and kill him. Claudius, suddenly guilt-stricken decides to pray for forgiveness, and this is how Hamlet finds him. Sword drawn, he again procrastinates in his deed, deciding that if he were to kill him now, while he was at prayer, than his soul would go to heaven, and since his father was not given the chance for forgiveness before he died, than neither shall he. It is in this moment that he decides that he shall kill him while he is committing a sin, so that he will join his father in hell. Up, sword; and know thou a more horrid hent: When he is drunk asleep, or in his rage, Or in the incestuous pleasure of his bed; At gaming, swearing, or about some act That has no relish of salvation int; Then trip him, that his heels may kick at heaven, And that his soul may be as damnd and black As hell, whereto it goes. (III. iii. 88-95) His next act of vengeance is with his mother. He meets with her after he sees Claudius praying. They quarrel and when she cries out for help, Polonius; who was hiding behind an arras to spy, makes his presence known. Thinking it is the king, Hamlet stabs at the arras and slays Polonius. This being not very important to this central idea, it is only worth mentioning because it is a small highlight of the scene as well as sets the stage for Laertes vengeance. After he kills Polonius, he finally tells his mother his true feelings regarding her marrying her late husbands brother so quickly after his death. Such an act That blurs the grace and blush of modesty, Calls virtue hypocrite, takes off the rose From the fair forehead of an innocent love And sets a blister there, makes marriage-vows As false as dicers oaths (III. iv. 41-46) He further denounces her love of Claudius and paints a portrait of a woman that is weak, sensual, and does not act her age. His words, though, find their mark and she is stricken with the guilt of her actions, O speak to me no more! These words like daggers enter in mine ears. No more, sweet Hamlet. (III. iv. 95-97). Finally we arrive at the climax of the play when Hamlets quest for vengeance is completed. Upon the death of his mother, and of Laertes confession, it seems that Hamlet finally has enough proof of Claudius treachery to kill him. First, he stabs his uncle with the poisoned foil, and then, as a final act of vengeance, he pours whatever is left of the poisoned wine down his throat, which leaves the king thoroughly deceased. The point! envenomd too! Then, venom, to thy work Here, thou incestuous, murderous, damned Dane, Drink off this potion. Is thy union here? Follow my mother. (V. ii. 322-328) It is so that the dying prince of Denmark is avenged most thoroughly for the death of both his parents, and if not for his accidental murdering of Polonius he might have yet still lived. But he too was a victim of unfortunate circumstance, and so, Hamlet dies. So concludes the accounts of vengeance in this play. First, we had noble Fortinbras. A character who was not so much a victim of circumstance, but a victor of it. In the end, he is all but given the throne of Denmark and is so rightfully avenged. Next was poor Laertes, a true victim in the play. His whole family, including himself in the end, dies because of the deception and trickery of the royal family. Inherently a good person, neither he or his sister deserved to die, and yet that is the fate in which they find themselves. And lastly was Hamlet, a true tragical hero. Although obviously skilled with the sword, he was more given to philosophizing. It was his procrastination and analytical traits, while not considered to be of the worse traits a man can get, that prove to be his downfall. Things could have gone very differently in The Tragedy of Hamlet if even the tiniest of details were changed. Unfortunately, all the worse things that could of happened did, and many of the characters in the play find themselves the unfortunate victim of circumstance.

Emily Dickenson Essays

Emily Dickenson Essays Emily Dickenson Essay Emily Dickenson Essay Generally, Emily Dickensonâ„ ¢s works are very distinct and recognisable. Dickenson uses erratic punctuation and tends to focus her themes on dark, depressing topics that explore the moment death and the after life. This is evident in poems such as The Soul has Bandaged moments. However, Dickenson has a lighter side which enabled her to produce several definition poems that attempt to describe intangible things through the use of metaphor like Hope is the thing with Feathers and joyous poems that express her love of nature and buoyant states of mind. An example would be I taste a Liquor never brewed. This style she used appealed to me much more than her macabre poems. The Soul has Bandaged moments explores the periods that are faced by the soul. But the soul may be a comparison for her physiological state of mind. There is many comparisons in this poem fright fulfilment, depression happiness, freedom restraint, hope despair. The poem is divided into three sections each containing two stanzas. The first stanza suggests that the soul is hurt, fragile or restricted when she says it has bandaged moments. A Fright is introduced that violates the soul and paralyses the vulnerable, soul with dread. This Ghastly Fright may be seen a death, the freezing hair indicates the chill of fear death brings and its coldness. The conflict between the fright and the lover can be seen as any of the conflicts mentioned above. The third and forth stanza break free of the atmosphere of threat and dread. It now suggests an image of freedom, fulfilment and warmth. Verbs like dances and swings describe carefree activities, while bursting and bomb indicates energy and excitement. The image of the delirious bee, completely fulfilled, coming out from the rose over all sums up the feeling of joy in this part of the poem. But this escape is short lived, its temporary. The Horror welcomes the soul again. The last two stanzas could be characterised by feelings of imprisonment, by words such as Felon and shackes. In the poetâ„ ¢s opinion this experience of depression is one that should not be spoken of, making it lonely and isolating. Not brayed of Tougue

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